FT232RL

Future Technology Devices International Ltd. FT232R USB UART IC

Manufacturer

unknown

Overview

Part: Future Technology Devices International Ltd. FT232R

Type: USB UART IC

Key Specs:

Data Transfer Rate: 300 baud to 3 Mbaud
Receive Buffer: 128 byte
Transmit Buffer: 256 byte
Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to 85°C
Supply Voltage: +3.3V to +5.25V

Features:

Single chip USB to asynchronous serial data transfer interface
Entire USB protocol handled on the chip
Fully integrated 1024 bit EEPROM
Fully integrated USB termination resistors
Fully integrated clock generation with no external crystal required
Royalty-free Virtual Com Port (VCP) and Direct (D2XX) drivers
Unique USB FTDIChip-ID™ feature
Configurable CBUS I/O pins
Transmit and receive LED drive signals
UART interface support for 7 or 8 data bits, 1 or 2 stop bits and odd / even / mark / space / no parity
FIFO receive and transmit buffers
Synchronous and asynchronous bit bang interface options
Device supplied pre-programmed with unique USB serial number
Supports bus powered, self powered and highpower bus powered USB configurations
Integrated +3.3V level converter for USB I/O
Integrated level converter on UART and CBUS for interfacing to between +1.8V and +5V logic
True 5V/3.3V/2.8V/1.8V CMOS drive output and TTL input
Configurable I/O pin output drive strength
Integrated power-on-reset circuit
Fully integrated AVCC supply filtering
UART signal inversion option
Low operating and USB suspend current
Low USB bandwidth consumption
UHCI/OHCI/EHCI host controller compatible
USB 2.0 Full Speed compatible

Applications:

USB to RS232/RS422/RS485 Converters
Upgrading Legacy Peripherals to USB
Cellular and Cordless Phone USB data transfer cables and interfaces
Interfacing MCU/PLD/FPGA based designs to USB
USB Audio and Low Bandwidth Video data transfer
PDA to USB data transfer
USB Smart Card Readers
USB Instrumentation
USB Industrial Control
USB MP3 Player Interface
USB FLASH Card Reader and Writers
Set Top Box PC USB interface
USB Digital Camera Interface
USB Hardware Modems
USB Wireless Modems
USB Bar Code Readers
USB Software and Hardware Encryption Dongles

Package:

28 Pin SSOP
QFN-32

Features

Functional Integration. Fully integrated EEPROM, USB termination resistors, clock generation, AVCC filtering, POR and LDO regulator.

Configurable CBUS I/O Pin Options. The fully integrated EEPROM allows configuration of the Control Bus (CBUS) functionality, signal inversion and drive strength selection. There are 5 configurable CBUS I/O pins. These configurable options are

1. TXDEN transmit enable for RS485 designs.
1. PWREN# Power control for high power, bus powered designs.
3. TXLED# - for pulsing an LED upon transmission of data.
1. RXLED# for pulsing an LED upon receiving data.
1. TX&RXLED# which will pulse an LED upon transmission OR reception of data**.**
1. SLEEP# indicates that the device going into USB suspend mode.
1. CLK48 / CLK24 / CLK12 / CLK6 48MHz, 24MHz, 12MHz, and 6MHz clock output signal options.

The CBUS pins can also be individually configured as GPIO pins, similar to asynchronous bit bang mode. It is possible to use this mode while the UART interface is being used, thus providing up to 4 general purpose I/O pins which are available during normal operation. An application note, AN232R-01, available from FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com) describes this feature.

The CBUS lines can be configured with any one of these output options by setting bits in the internal EEPROM. The device is supplied with the most commonly used pin definitions pre-programmed - see Section 8 for details.

Asynchronous Bit Bang Mode with RD# and WR# Strobes. The FT232R supports FTDI"s previous chip generation bit-bang mode. In bit-bang mode, the eight UART lines can be switched from the regular interface mode to an 8-bit general purpose I/O port. Data packets can be sent to the device and they will be sequentially sent to the interface at a rate controlled by an internal timer (equivalent to the baud rate pre-scaler). With the FT232R device this mode has been enhanced by outputting the internal RD# and WR# strobes signals which can be used to allow external logic to be clocked by accesses to the bit-bang I/O bus. This option will be described more fully in a separate application note available from FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com).

Synchronous Bit Bang Mode. The FT232R supports synchronous bit bang mode. This mode differs from asynchronous bit bang mode in that the interface pins are only read when the device is written to. This makes it easier for the controlling program to measure the response to an output stimulus as the data returned is synchronous to the output data. An application note, AN232R-01, available from FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com) describes this feature.

FTDIChip-ID™. The FT232R also includes the new FTDIChip-ID™ security dongle feature. This FTDIChip-ID™ feature allows a unique number to be burnt into each device during manufacture. This number cannot be reprogrammed. This number is only readable over USB and forms a basis of a security dongle which can be used to protect any customer application software being copied. This allows the possibility of using the FT232R in a dongle for software licensing. Further to this, a renewable license scheme can be implemented based on the FTDIChip-ID™ number when encrypted with other information. This encrypted number can be stored in the user area of the FT232R internal EEPROM, and can be decrypted, then compared with the protected FTDIChip-ID™ to verify that a license is valid. Web based applications can be used to maintain product licensing this way. An application note, AN232R-02, available from FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com) describes this feature.

The FT232R is capable of operating at a voltage supply between +3.3V and +5V with a nominal operational mode current of 15mA and a nominal USB suspend mode current of 70µA. This allows greater margin for peripheral designs to meet the USB suspend mode current limit of 2.5mA. An integrated level converter within the UART interface allows the FT232R to interface to UART logic running at +1.8V, 2.5V, +3.3V or +5V.

4.2 Functional Block Descriptions

The following paragraphs detail each function within the FT232R. Please refer to the block diagram shown in Figure 2.1

Internal EEPROM. The internal EEPROM in the FT232R is used to store USB Vendor ID (VID), Product ID (PID), device serial number, product description string and various other USB configuration descriptors. The internal EEPROM is also used to configure the CBUS pin functions. The FT232R is supplied with the internal EEPROM pre-programmed as described in Section 8. A user area of the internal EEPROM is available to system designers to allow storing additional data. The internal EEPROM descriptors can be programmed in circuit, over USB without any additional voltage requirement. It can be programmed using the FTDI utility software called MPROG, which can be downloaded from FTDI Utilities on the FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com).

+3.3V LDO Regulator. The +3.3V LDO regulator generates the +3.3V reference voltage for driving the USB transceiver cell output buffers. It requires an external decoupling capacitor to be attached to the 3V3OUT regulator output pin. It also provides +3.3V power to the 1.5kΩ internal pull up resistor on USBDP. The main function of the LDO is to power the USB Transceiver and the Reset Generator Cells rather than to power external logic. However, it can be used to supply external circuitry requiring a +3.3V nominal supply with a maximum current of 50mA.

USB Transceiver. The USB Transceiver Cell provides the USB 1.1 / USB 2.0 full-speed physical interface to the USB cable. The output drivers provide +3.3V level slew rate control signalling, whilst a differential input receiver and two single ended input receivers provide USB data in, Single-Ended-0 (SE0) and USB reset detection conditions respectfully. This function also incorporates the internal USB series termination resistors on the USB data lines and a 1.5kΩ pull up resistor on USBDP.

USB DPLL. The USB DPLL cell locks on to the incoming NRZI USB data and generates recovered clock and data signals for the Serial Interface Engine (SIE) block.

Internal 12MHz Oscillator - The Internal 12MHz Oscillator cell generates a 12MHz reference clock. This provides an input to the x4 Clock Multiplier function. The 12MHz Oscillator is also used as the reference clock for the SIE, USB Protocol Engine and UART FIFO controller blocks.

Clock Multiplier / Divider. The Clock Multiplier / Divider takes the 12MHz input from the Internal Oscillator function and generates the 48MHz, 24MHz, 12MHz and 6MHz reference clock signals. The 48Mz clock reference is used by the USB DPLL and the Baud Rate Generator blocks.

Serial Interface Engine (SIE). The Serial Interface Engine (SIE) block performs the parallel to serial and serial to parallel conversion of the USB data. In accordance with the USB 2.0 specification, it performs bit stuffing/un-stuffing and CRC5/CRC16 generation. It also checks the CRC on the USB data stream.

USB Protocol Engine. The USB Protocol Engine manages the data stream from the device USB control endpoint. It handles the low level USB protocol requests generated by the USB host controller and the commands for controlling the functional parameters of the UART in accordance with the USB 2.0 specification chapter 9.

FIFO RX Buffer (128 bytes). Data sent from the USB host controller to the UART via the USB data OUT endpoint is stored in the FIFO RX (receive) buffer. Data is removed from the buffer to the UART transmit register under control of the UART FIFO controller. (Rx relative to the USB interface).

FIFO TX Buffer (256 bytes). Data from the UART receive register is stored in the TX buffer. The USB host controller removes data from the FIFO TX Buffer by sending a USB request for data from the device data IN endpoint. (Tx relative to the USB interface).

UART FIFO Controller. The UART FIFO controller handles the transfer of data between the FIFO RX and TX buffers and the UART transmit and receive registers.

UART Controller with Programmable Signal Inversion and High Drive. Together with the UART FIFO Controller the UART Controller handles the transfer of data between the FIFO RX and FIFO TX buffers and the UART transmit and receive registers. It performs asynchronous 7 or 8 bit parallel to serial and serial to parallel conversion of the data on the RS232 (or RS422 or RS485) interface.

Control signals supported by UART mode include RTS, CTS, DSR, DTR, DCD and RI. The UART Controller also provides a transmitter enable control signal pin option (TXDEN) to assist with interfacing to RS485 transceivers. RTS/CTS, DSR/DTR and XON / XOFF handshaking options are also supported. Handshaking is handled in hardware to ensure fast response times. The UART interface also supports the RS232 BREAK setting and detection conditions.

Additionally, the UART signals can each be individually inverted and have a configurable high drive strength capability. Both these features are configurable in the EEPROM.

Baud Rate Generator - The Baud Rate Generator provides a 16x clock input to the UART Controller from the 48MHz reference clock. It consists of a 14 bit pre-scaler and 3 register bits which provide fine tuning of the baud rate (used to divide by a number plus a fraction or "sub-integer"). This determines the baud rate of the UART, which is programmable from 183 baud to 3 Mbaud.

The FT232R supports all standard baud rates and non-standard baud rates from 183 Baud up to 3 Mbaud. Achievable non-standard baud rates are calculated as follows -

Baud Rate = 3000000 / (n + x)

where "n" can be any integer between 2 and 16,384 ( = 2¹⁴ ) and "x' can be a sub-integer of the value 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.625, 0.75, or 0.875. When n = 1, x = 0, i.e. baud rate divisors with values between 1 and 2 are not possible.

This gives achievable baud rates in the range 183.1 baud to 3,000,000 baud. When a non-standard baud rate is required simply pass the required baud rate value to the driver as normal, and the FTDI driver will calculate the required divisor, and set the baud rate. See FTDI application note AN232B-05 on the FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com) for more details.

RESET Generator - The integrated Reset Generator Cell provides a reliable power-on reset to the device internal circuitry at power up. The RESET# input pin allows an external device to reset the FT232R.

RESET# can be tied to VCC or left unconnected if not being used.

5 Devices Characteristics and Ratings

5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

The absolute maximum ratings for the FT232R devices are as follows. These are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Exceeding these may cause permanent damage to the device.

Parameter	Value	Unit
Storage Temperature	-65°C to 150°C	Degrees C
Floor Life (Out of Bag) At Factory Ambient (30°C / 60% Relative Humidity)	168 Hours (IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A MSL Level 3 Compliant)*	Hours
Ambient Temperature (Power Applied)	-40°C to 85°C	Degrees C
MTTF FT232RL	11162037	hours
MTTF FT232RQ	4464815	hours
VCC Supply Voltage	-0.5 to +6.00	V
DC Input Voltage – USBDP and USBDM	-0.5 to +3.8	V
DC Input Voltage – High Impedance Bidirectionals	-0.5 to + (VCC +0.5)	V
DC Input Voltage – All Other Inputs	-0.5 to + (VCC +0.5)	V
DC Output Current – Outputs	24	mA
DC Output Current – Low Impedance Bidirectionals	24	mA
Power Dissipation (VCC = 5.25V)	500	mW

Table 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

^* If devices are stored out of the packaging beyond this time limit the devices should be baked before use. The devices should be ramped up to a temperature of +125°C and baked for up to 17 hours.

5.2 DC Characteristics

DC Characteristics (Ambient Temperature = -40°C to +85°C)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
VCC1	VCC Operating Supply Voltage	4.0		5.25	V	Using Internal Oscillator
VCC1	VCC Operating Supply Voltage	3.3		5.25	V	Using External Crystal
VCC2	VCCIO Operating Supply Voltage	1.8		5.25	V
Icc1	Operating Supply Current		15		mA	Normal Operation
Icc2	Operating Supply Current	50	70	100	μA	USB Suspend
3V3	3.3v regulator output	3.0	3.3	3.6	V
Table 5.2 Operating Voltage and Current

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	3.2	4.1	4.9	V	I source = 2mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.6	V	I sink = 2mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.3 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +5.0V, Standard Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	2.2	2.7	3.2	V	I source = 1mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.5	V	I sink = 2mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.4 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +3.3V, Standard Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	2.1	2.6	2.8	V	I source = 1mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.5	V	I sink = 2mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.5 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +2.8V, Standard Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	1.32	1.62	1.8	V	I source = 0.2mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.06	0.1	0.18	V	I sink = 0.5mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.6 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +1.8V, Standard Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	3.2	4.1	4.9	V	I source = 6mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.6	V	I sink = 6mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.7 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +5.0V, High Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	2.2	2.8	3.2	V	I source = 3mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.6	V	I sink = 8mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.8 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +3.3V, High Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	2.1	2.6	2.8	V	I source = 3mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.3	0.4	0.6	V	I sink = 8mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.9 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +2.8V, High Drive Level)

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
Voh	Output Voltage High	1.35	1.67	1.8	V	I source = 0.4mA
Vol	Output Voltage Low	0.12	0.18	0.35	V	I sink = 3mA
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.0	1.2	1.5	V	**
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	20	25	30	mV	**

Table 5.10 UART and CBUS I/O Pin Characteristics (VCCIO = +1.8V, High Drive Level)

^** Only input pins have an internal 200KΩ pull-up resistor to VCCIO

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units
Vin	Input Switching Threshold	1.3	1.6	1.9	V
VHys	Input Switching Hysteresis	50	55	60	mV
Table 5.11 RESET# and TEST Pin Characteristics

Parameter	Description	Minimum	Typical	Maximum	Units	Conditions
UVoh	I/O Pins Static Output (High)	2.8		3.6	V	RI = 1.5kΩ to 3V3OUT (D+) RI = 15KΩ to GND (D-)
UVol	I/O Pins Static Output (Low)	0		0.3	V	RI = 1.5kΩ to 3V3OUT (D+) RI = 15kΩ to GND (D-)
UVse	Single Ended Rx Threshold	0.8		2.0	V
UCom	Differential Common Mode	0.8		2.5	V
UVDif	Differential Input Sensitivity	0.2			V
UDrvZ	Driver Output Impedance	26	29	44	Ohms	See Note 1

Table 5.12 USB I/O Pin (USBDP, USBDM) Characteristics

Applications

USB to RS232/RS422/RS485 Converters
Upgrading Legacy Peripherals to USB
Cellular and Cordless Phone USB data transfer cables and interfaces
Interfacing MCU/PLD/FPGA based designs to USB
USB Audio and Low Bandwidth Video data transfer
PDA to USB data transfer
USB Smart Card Readers
USB Instrumentation
USB Industrial Control
USB MP3 Player Interface
USB FLASH Card Reader and Writers
Set Top Box PC USB interface
USB Digital Camera Interface
USB Hardware Modems
USB Wireless Modems
USB Bar Code Readers
USB Software and Hardware Encryption Dongles

1.1 Driver Support

Royalty free VIRTUAL COM PORT (VCP) DRIVERS for...

Windows 98, 98SE, ME, 2000, Server 2003, XP and Server 2008
Windows 7 32,64-bit
Windows XP and XP 64-bit
Windows Vista and Vista 64-bit
Windows XP Embedded
Windows CE 4.2, 5.0 and 6.0
Mac OS 8/9, OS-X
Linux 2.4 and greater

Royalty free D2XX Direct Drivers (USB Drivers + DLL S/W Interface)

Windows 98, 98SE, ME, 2000, Server 2003, XP and Server 2008
Windows 7 32,64-bit
Windows XP and XP 64-bit
Windows Vista and Vista 64-bit
Windows XP Embedded
Windows CE 4.2, 5.0 and 6.0
Linux 2.4 and greater

The drivers listed above are all available to download for free from FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com). Various 3rd party drivers are also available for other operating systems - see FTDI website (www.ftdichip.com) for details.

For driver installation, please refer to http://www.ftdichip.com/Documents/InstallGuides.htm

1.2 Part Numbers

Part Number	Package
FT232RQ-xxxx	32 Pin QFN
FT232RL-xxxx	28 Pin SSOP

Note: Packing codes for xxxx is:

Reel: Taped and Reel, (SSOP is 2,000pcs per reel, QFN is 6,000pcs per reel).
Tube: Tube packing, 47pcs per tube (SSOP only)
Tray: Tray packing, 490pcs per tray (QFN only)

For example: FT232RQ-Reel is 6,000pcs taped and reel packing

Document No.: FT_000053 FT232R USB UART IC Datasheet Version 2.10

Clearance No.: FTDI# 38

1.3 USB Compliant

The FT232R is fully compliant with the USB 2.0 specification and has been given the USB-IF Test-ID (TID) 40680004 (Rev B) and 40770018 (Rev C).

Electrical Characteristics